Infectious Disease Malaria Essay - 595 Words

Section 1 Malaria General Information Malaria is a common infectious disease found mainly in the tropics but in rare circumstances can be found in temperate areas. Depending on the circumstances malaria can be either life threatening cause serious illness. It is caused by parasites of the Plasmodium species(in text reference). These parasites are carried by mosquitoes which become infected after biting someone who has malaria. Malaria is then passed on to others when the infected mosquito bites another person. In rare cases malaria can be passed to another person through blood transfusions, organ donations or shared needles. On average there are around 300-500 million people who become infected with malaria every year, with most of the†¦show more content†¦Signs and Symptoms Symptoms that are usually associated with yellow fever include fever, poor appetite, nausea, chills, muscle pains in the back and headaches abdominal back pain. These symptoms usually subside after five days. These symptoms sometimes reoccur. Abdominal pain and liver damage starts causing yellow skin. There also is a higher chance of kidney problems. About 15-15% then proceed to the ‘toxic’ stage of which around 50% then die around 14 days after catching yellow fever. Dengue Fever General Information Dengue fever is a mosquito-transmitted virus, it is a Flavivirus which is the same genus as yellow fever. There are five different varieties of the virus and being infected usually gives lifelong immunity to that particular variety and short-term immunity to the other varieties. However this also increases the risk of having a severe reaction to the other types, this risk rises with exposure to another type and so on. Symptoms and Treatment Symptoms from the virus include headaches, back pain, joint pains, fever and a skin rash, which is similar in appearance to measles. A small percentage of infections the disease develops into a life threatening dengue haemorrhagic fever, which results in bleeding, low levels of blood platelets and blood plasma leakage. The other life threatening possibility is dengue shock syndrome; thisShow MoreRelatedMalaria Is An Infectious Disease1021 Words   |  5 PagesBackground Malaria is considered as one of the deadliest diseases around the world. The cases of malaria are getting worse and more serious especially in the African countries. Almost 40% of the world’s population could be affected by the disease. Malaria could cause over 1 million deaths each year and could result to enormous damages to human and social-being (Gething et al., 2014). 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Some of the country’s primary health problems are malaria, malnutrition/over nutrition, and cardiovascular disease. These health concerns come from poor sanitation and fresh water in different locations in India, without the proper sanitation and preventive measures there will always be health issues among the country’s people. BeforeRead MoreHow Climate Change Is Affecting The Spread Of Infectious Diseases Around The Globe1631 Words   |  7 Pagesto the spreading and occurrence of many infectious diseases. Vectors and pathogens that were not able to spread to certain countries before because temperatures were too low for them to survive in are now being able to habituate these parts of the world because of how much warmer our planet is becoming. This is concerning to us because infectious diseases can increase death rates. 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Alzheimer s Disease And Its Effects - 1831 Words

Alzheimer’s disease is the biggest cause of senile dementia in Europe and the United States affecting nearly 36 million people worldwide (Prince, Albanese, Guerchet Prina, 2014). It is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder of the brain, severely affecting the temporal and frontal lobes, and in particular the limbic structures contained within these regions (Hooper Vogel, 1976). Such structures include the hippocampus (contributing particularly to spatial memory (Schmajuk, 1984) and the amygdalae, both of which are primarily affected (Chan et al, 2001). As such, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterised by a progressive cognitive impairment, usually beginning with memory loss and progressing further to involve multiple cognitive and†¦show more content†¦Nevertheless, both types of AD are recognised pathologically by the build-up of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular amyloid plaques, and massive neuronal and synaptic loss (Carmo Cuello, 2013). Neurofibrillary tangles are aggregates of hyper-phosphorylated tau protein and plaques are mostly insoluble deposits of ÃŽ ²-amyloid, resulting from the cutting of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) (Farooqui Farooqui, 2011). The discovery of mutations in the APP gene which cause familial AD lead to the articulation of the amyloid cascade hypothesis (ACH) (Hardy Asllop, 1991). A large amount of evidence supports this view; however a number of findings are contrary to its proposal. As a result, Armstrong (2011) proposed a revision of the hypothesis, postulating that the main trigger for the development of the disease is the ageing of the brain and related wear and tear such as head trauma and stress; collectively referred to as the â€Å"allostatic load† (Carroll, 2002). Furthermore, a greater emphasis has now been placed on the role of small, soluble amyloid oligomers which seem to be the cause of early cell dysfunction in AD, rather than the large, insoluble amyloid fibr ils. (Ferreira, Vieira De Felice, 2007). The development of transgenic animal models of AD has been used to further understand the neural mechanisms associated with the disease, to test therapies and treatments and to

Factors of Victorian Trades Hall Architecture †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Victorian Trades Hall Architecture. Answer: Introduction The assignment is prepared on Australian architecture and the socio political factors influencing the Australian architecture is analyzed for the preparation of the report. The history of the Australian architecture is evaluated and the orientalism in the architecture and the structural engineering is also analyzed for the preparation of the assignment. History of Australian Architecture In the 19th century the Australian architecture have rich traditions. The European design was followed for designing the government buildings and homes. Gothic Revival Architecture was used for designing the churches which includes pointed arches, battlements the gothic revival architecture can also be found in the banks and university buildings[1]. The Victorian architecture was followed in the time period of 1850 to 1893 and it displays the prosperity and the ornate decorative features and lavish decorations[2]. While entering the 20th century the architectural design changed and the idea of style of our own came into play. The modernist style was used for designing the building and they were made attractive. Orientalism in Architecture The orientalism in the Australian architecture is important and the structure and the engineering used for the development of the building are evaluated for confirming the basic rules followed for designing the building. The colonial culture followed in Australia with the ideologies and the raciest supremacy was followed for the construction of the building[3]. Exotic and derivative styles were followed for designing the structure and the culture of the people played an important role for the creation of the architectural design. Conclusion It can be concluded that the Victorian trade hall was developed as an Australian trade union building and the building was build following a parliament style. The assignment is prepared contextualizing the Victorian trade hall with the history of the Australian architecture and orientalism in Australia. References Beynon, D. J., Brandon Gardiner, Ursula de Jong, Mirjana Lozanovska, and Flavia Marcello. "An issues paper: the roots/routes of Australian architecture: elements of an alternative architectural history." In Proceedings of the Society of Architectural Historians, Australia and New Zealand: 31, Translation, pp. 639-658. Unitec New Zealand, 2014. Goad, Philip, and Julie Willis, eds. The Encyclopedia of Australian Architecture. Cambridge University Press, 2012. MacKenzie, John. Orientalism: History, theory and the arts. Manchester University Press, 1995.

Psychology In Sports Essay Example For Students

Psychology In Sports Essay The mind-body connection is a very powerful one. For everything you think in your mind, your body has a reaction, regardless of whether it is real or imagined. For example, have you ever had a bad dream? Usually, you will wake up and your heart is racing, you are sweating and very agitated, even though all you were doing was sleeping. But, in your mind there was something bad going on and your body was reacting to it. Heres another example: if you are home alone and you hear a noise and interpret it as the wind, you are fine; but if you interpret it as a prowler, your fight or flight response takes over and you become fearful. Your heart begins going a mile a minute, your eyes dilate, and you are scared. These are just a few examples of how strong the connection is between your mind and your body. With this premise, it becomes unmistakable how necessary it is to train both the mind and body for peak performance. It was neat to see that, at the 1996 Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, there were approximately 20 Sport Psychology Consultants there working with athletes. It has also been noted that 1/3 of the golfers on the major tours work with a Sports Psychologist or Consultant. Slowly but surely athletes, teams, coaches and managers are not only saying that they feel sports is mental, but also they are doing something about it. They are hiring Sports Psychologists, reading books, and devoting time to team building and mental training. In sports, so many things are left to chance. Sports are predictably unpredictable. Why let your mental mindset be another one of those things? Theres no reason for your mental game to be your one weakness! You have the power to control that. These tools and resources will help you remove psychological barriers that can get in the way of peak performance and give you some control over your own performance. Mark McGwire has worked with a Sports Psychologist since 1991, saying that the sessions help him find inner peace. He said it was totally his decision and the best one he made. Up until about a decade ago, a Sports Psychologist or Consultant was considered a person who athletes went to see only when they had a problem, not someone who healthy and productive athletes and teams spent their time with. Luckily, this stigma is changing; the change is slow, but it is evident. You see Sports Psychologists everywhere now; recreational athletes, colleges, professional teams, Olympic athletes, businesses, and corporations all seek them out. People are realizing that no matter how good you are, you can always improve, and one way to improve yourself is to become well-versed in performance enhancement techniques. There is no room for complacency; the complacent ones get left behind. This philosophy holds true not only in sports but in business as well. Athletes spend so much time physically practicing to get an edge on the competition. Yet what teams and athletes can really do to get the edge is right in front of their nose, or more accurately, right above their shoulders! You hear the same thing all the time, Sports is 90-95% mental. Athletes and coaches at all levels say it, but how many of them do something about it? Unfortunately, not nearly enough. It may be common knowledge, but it is not always common practice. Maybe they dont have the time, maybe they dont have the resources, or maybe down deep they dont really believe it. Whatever the reason, the fact remains the same, they are not utilizing their most powerful resource, the mind. Most athletes fatigue mentally before they fatigue physically, due to the fact that their mind is not in as good of shape as their bodiesCompetition is tight, athletes are physically fit, and the margin for victory is slim. Managers, coaches and players are realizing that to get ahead they need a n added resource, and that resource is a trained mind. Still, many coaches are blind to the importance of mental skills in their athletes. When there are two teams that are physically equal, it is the team that works together smoothly

Selling Alkabeer products in India Essay Example

Selling Alkabeer products in India Essay Selling Alkabeer products in India Name: Course: Institution: We will write a custom essay sample on Selling Alkabeer products in India specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Selling Alkabeer products in India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Selling Alkabeer products in India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Instructor: Date: Selling Alkabeer products in India Introduction The introduction of freshly packed foods into the market was an exceptionally good idea. People get tired of having to cook food from scratch every time they want to eat. These foods range from uncooked to cooked foods that only require reheating before eating. These kinds of foods play vital roles in different social events like weddings, birthday parties and celebrations in different countries (Alkabeer, 2009). When Alkabeer saw the growing market for ready-made food, they grabbed this opportunity and started to make ready-made food. Their business growth was unbelievable after venturing into this untapped market. The Alkabeer group of companies was established more than 30 years ago. Today it stands in mote than 10 countries in all over the world. Some of their products include vegetables, meat, fish and spices. They also range in their production where they specialize in frozen foods, seafood and foods for vegetarians. These products are manufactured, packaged and distributed by the more than 8000 retail outlets they have worldwide. It is ranked number one in Middle East in the â€Å"frozen and processed food category† (Al Kabeer Group of Companies, n.d). The product under investigation The Alkabeer group is â€Å"obsessed with quality in procurement, manufacturing and distribution of frozen foods† (Alkabeer, 2009). Their range of foods is made up of vegetables and fruits, snacks, ready meals, meat and poultry and seafood. These products are made under the most hygienic conditions in their factories using the best kinds of machinery in the world. The vegetables and fruits are ideal for those who do not eat animal products in their wide market. Fresh vegetables are always welcome in any economy, good or bad, they are cheap and very health. Their ready meals include all sorts of parathas. They are convenient for those who do not like cooking. They are cooked, frozen and packed. In their meat and poultry category, they have mutton and boneless meat. Their seafood comprises of prawns, famously known as shrimp, and fresh fish. They also make different types of samosa and cold cuts as snacks. Finally, they make food for children. They have burgers, French fries, different kinds of nuggets and chicken and cheese sticks. Their cost of production is quite high. This is because they do not compromise on quality. In addition, they source out the most expensive ingredients from the most exotic places. Recently, they started growing their own vegetables, fruits and spices. This has helped them to cut down on their expenses. The Muslim population in India is one that grows by day and the Alkabeer group saw the need to cater for the palatal needs of this growing population. In order to get Muslims in India to buy Alkabeer products, sampling will be the best way to promote the products. The sampling can be organized in the most preferred eating-places in India and shopping malls, anywhere with large populations of people. After sampling the products, we will be able to tell from their reaction if they like them or not. Sampling is one way of marketing products. We will have some of the products in restaurants that are frequented by Muslims, so that every time they go there to eat, they are given some of the foods to taste and give feedback. All forms of feedbacks will be accepted, whether positive or negative. We will also have some of our agents set up near mosques and madrassas to allow more Muslims to taste and sample our products. More agents will be sent to Muslim neighborhoods to familiarize the potential customers with the products. We are hoping that the Muslim population in India will be receptive and accommodative about our products as we prepare to introduce these products in their market. These products will be perfect for them because they are known for organizing social events like weddings. Challenges Marketing can sometimes prove difficult especially if the intended market does not produce expected results. According to Ferrel Hartline (, p.24), â€Å"one of the greatest frustrations in marketing is change-customers change, competitors change and even the marketing organization changes†. These changes play a crucial role in the success or failure of a product and service in any market. The Muslim population in India is a significant change for the Alkabeer products but we are hopeful that this new change will bring in additional revenue for the group. In dealing with this challenge, Steve Unger (2012) suggests â€Å"conducting customer satisfaction surveys and focus groups†. Another challenge is that the targeted population might not like the new products. Even with all the efforts that are taken to satisfy the needs of the customers, they might not be pleased with the product or maybe an ingredient in the food. This form of problem will pose serious setbacks in our efforts to engage the Muslim population in India to start using our products. This will also mean that we have to go back to the drawing board about new and improved strategies to capture this population. The problem of the language barrier and conservatism when marketing might pose a threat to the whole process. Muslims are a conservative lot and to approach their women about any product might be difficult, as married Muslim women are not allowed to interact with other men especially in the absence of their husbands. In addition, some of the marketers might not know how to communicate with the customers during the sampling process; this might shift the consumers’ preference back to what they are accustomed. These challenges can be overcome in different ways. First, the Muslim population in India already has their own preferred spices and food that they eat. Introducing the Alkabeer products to them will take a bit of time. Some will be curious about the Alkabeer products, and they will want to try them, this will encourage more others to satisfy their curiosity and in turn attract more Muslims to our stands. Alkabeer products will be advertised in the leading broadcasting stations in India. These stations are trusted by the larger Indian population. This will develop trust between the Alkabeer group and the Muslim population in India, which is the target consumer. Competitors India is Alkabeer’s main revenue earner at 35 percent. This is amidst stiff competition from Allanasons also in India. Allana produces high variety of products with high quality ingredients. Alkabeer products are made from high quality ingredients, which are homegrown making them healthy. Allana offers high quality package variety depending on the product. Alkabeer packaging is high class, safe and attractive depending on the market targeted. The pricing between Allana and Alkabeer is extremely competitive, but Alkabeer’s prices are charged at a premium for high-end consumers. Allana has invested heavily in advertising than sampling, whereas Alkabeer focuses more on sampling because it is believed that tasting is the best way for the consumers to know for sure about their products. Target market Alkabeer products target the Muslim population in India. This population covers 13% of India’s population. It is expected to make up 16 percent of the total population by 2030. Alkabeer products will be concentrated in states and territories with the largest Muslim population. These products will be addressed to Muslim consumers on the move and those who are constantly organizing social events. Ages of consumers do not matter because the products are ideal people of all ages, from children to adults. Consumer buying habits In India, frozen foods are associated with social events and family gatherings. The way the products are packaged is particularly important to consumers, as this will determine if they will buy the products or not. Most consumers in India do not like to try new things especially when it comes to food products. Estimate of market size Internationally, last year saw a total of $24 billion in revenue fro the sale of frozen foods alone. Young people between the ages of 18 and 24 and single folks are the most buyers of frozen foods. More than 300 companies in the world produce and distribute frozen foods. Alkabeer seeks to make 50 million rupees during the first year of operations, and this amount is expected to rise at 40 percent yearly. Distribution structure Alkabeer plans to establish their outlets in areas that are most accessible by their target consumers. The company will contract a leading agency in India to help with logistical matters like transport and providing field agents. Transportation of Alkabeer products is done by air and road depending on the destination. These methods are fast, and they ensure that freshness is maintained in all products. Alkabeer has numerous warehouses for storage of their products. Advertising and sales promotions According to Chamikutty (2007), Alkabeer will contract the leading ad agencies and media houses for their advertisements to reach the wider Muslim population in India. Sampling is the main tool that is used by Alkabeer when introducing their products to new consumers. This ensures that consumers will judge for themselves the quality of their products. The advertising will be pay for the whole advertising. Summary As much as Alkabeer experiences and faces stiff competition in the frozen foods market in India, its innovative products continue to attract their targeted consumers and more consumers in the market. This has made them the leading manufacturer and distributor of frozen foods in India and Middle East. References Al Kabeer Group of Companies. (2009). About us. Retrieved from http://www.al-kabeer.in/about_us.html Al Kabeer Group. (2009). Products. Retrieved from http://www.al-kabeer.com/products.htm Chamikutty, P. (2007, October 3). The Growth of Al Kabeer. The Economic Times. Retrieved from http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/features/brand-equity/the-growth-of-al-kabeer/articleshow/2424270.cms Ferrell, O. C., Hartline, M. D. (2004). Marketing strategy. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Unger, S. (2012). Ten Marketing Challenges that Can Make or Break Your Business. Retrieved from http://www.pragmaticmarketing.com/publications/magazine/1/1/01su/

ID222 Book of Job HW Essay

ID222 Book of Job HW Essay ID222 Book of Job HW Essay 1. Briefly summarize what happens in the beginning of the story of Job. (Job 1-2) In the beginning of the story of Job, in the land of Uz, a very reverent man named Job is the wealthiest man in the East. Job has seven sons, three daughters, bountiful life stock, and a large house. God comments to Satan about how faithful Job is to God, and Satan replies that it is because Job has so many possessions. God gives Satan permission to destroy Job’s possessions, but to not harm Job, to see if Job will blaspheme God. Job loses his possessions and his children, strips down to be naked, and continues to praise God saying that his worldly possessions are of no importance. Satan again encounters God who comments that Job has not blasphemed him even with the loss of his possessions, making the test an unnecessary punishment for Job. Satan retorts that any man will give up his possessions to save his own life. God then gives Satan permission to afflict Job with an ailment, but not to kill Job, to see if Job will blaspheme God. Satan gives Job a painful total body inflam mation. Job’s wife tells him to blaspheme God and die, but Job tells her that they should accept both good and evil from God. Job’s three friends came to visit him and sat by him silently for a week watching him lay on the ground in agony. Through all of this loss and suffering, Job does not sin nor blaspheme God. 2. How do Job’s friends explain what has happened to him? (Job 8) Job’s friends attribute his misfortune and afflictions to sin. They say that if he was without fault (â€Å"blameless†), then he would be blessed with a good life. His friends say that for one to be blessed they must praise God to be blessed. Job’s friends are implying that to be as afflicted as he was, he must have not been pious nor without fault. 3. Why does Job reject their explanation? (Job 29-30) Job rejects his friends’ explanation because he was not a sinner. Job describes all of the benevolent acts he performed with his God given wealth. He then goes on to say that he expected to be rewarded for his good deeds, not chastised as he had been. 4. How does God respond to Job’s complaint? (Job 38) God responds to Job’s complaint by saying that God had created all of the

Survival in Auschwitz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Survival in Auschwitz - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the life at concentration camps was full of turmoil and hardships. Jews used to be transported by trains into these camps, and they were segregated according to their ability to function as Auschwitz-2 functioned as the site for the extermination of Jews. It had resulted in a total of 960,000 deaths of Jews over the years when the Third Reich was governing this part of Primo Levi was an Italian who was arrested in 1943 and deported to the city of Auschwitz, where he spent the next few months of his life in the most inhumane conditions he ever witnesses. Along with 650 other Italian Jews, he was loaded into a freight train which took them to Auschwitz. The train journey was 4 days long and no one was allowed to eat or drink water during the time of the journey. Apart from such severe restrictions, the inmates were also not allowed to talk to anyone else on the train. Primo Levi accounts these stories and describes them as the â€Å"most severe hardshipsâ⠂¬  which could have been effectuated on people. According to Levi’s writings and accounts of whatever he had witnessed at the camp, he writes about the kind of solidarity that was present among the various prisoners and inmates. This camp was one where people came in alone and died alone; no one could save anyone. It was not in the hands of a person to be able to safeguard someone else, even if he were a child or an old person. Auschwitz was one such place, therefore, where people spent time alone. However, Levi writes that despite this distance that people maintained from each other, there also was a sense of belonging and affiliation towards each other. This was because all the people there were stuck in the same situation and thus through various tasks, ideas and activities, were able to form their own groups and carry out the normal living as far as they could. People tried to help each other and be on the lookout for each other; their one common enemy was the Germans a nd all Jews were collectively against the kind of extreme situations they were being thrust into by them. This unity thus brought them together and is what is spoken about largely within the confines of the book by Levi.

The Guest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Guest - Essay Example In this case, the French did not consider the conflict created by ordering Daru to bring a fellow countryman, albeit an alleged criminal, to French authorities. Desolation is symbolized by Daru's character. He is from the impoverished region, and as a school teacher there, he was ". . . satisfied with the little he had . . ." (373) and, "Everywhere else, he felt exiled" (373). Camus closes the story saying, "In this vast landscape he had loved so much, he was alone" (383) A greater meaning was that Daru followed his conscience, instead of following orders, by not delivering the Arab to the authorities. This reflects his contempt for being under the French government's authority; he made it clear to Balducci by saying, "I won't hand him over" (376). However, it was "with heavy heart" (383) that he sees the Arab walking in the direction of prison instead of possible freedom, after Daru shows him the two different directions, gives him provisions for two days and leaves him. This, according to Thomas Arp, is a demonstration of ". . . the unpredictability of the consequences of human choices in unfriendly conditions" (386). Overall, the characters are believable and the plot is realistic; it is well crafted fiction. Its success stems from its historical setting, just before the Algerian War, 1954-1962, when Algeria rebelled against French rule and won independence.

Ultimate Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ultimate Project - Essay Example Civil projects, on the other hand, are concerned with the study of public infrastructure such as roads, bridges and ports. In a construction project, members of a group subdivide themselves into design, financial advisors and legal teams. The three groups must work together to achieve results in the construction projects. When a construction project is taken seriously, and all its recommendations followed, it can lead to substantial achievements. A construction project is, therefore, a strong basis in the foundation of building construction. The following sessions were assistive in the course, and they are listed in line with their importance. In the above classifications, session one to eight had greater impacts on the construction project than the others. Introduction to Project Management The main topics, to begin with section four, are co-operation and togetherness. Co-operation entails offering assistance and having the willingness to assist in situations where possible (Taylor 45). When people work together, their productivity is increased. This is due to the belief that there is strength in numbers. Togetherness refers to the act of keeping closeness towards each other (Muller 43). Togetherness entails being united and acting as a group to boost levels of understanding. Some of the most essential aspects of this quality are in unlocking barriers that hinder teamwork. The importance of cooperation and togetherness cannot be underestimated under any circumstance. This session’s topic bears great relevance to the construction project. In a construction project, a lot of concentration is demanded. The group members need to come up with new techniques that are transformative in the construction sector. Members’ need should have a clear mind so as to note minor sensitive issue and discuss them effectively. This requires full concentration and cooperation. In these types of projects, every member’s contribution counts. Introduction to Finan ce In session five, focus and patience are the main topics. Patience refers to a virtue that enables people to wait for something to happen without hesitation. When a group is working on a project, they expect quality results out of the project. An excellent project requires a lot of time since the members have to execute conclusive and elusive research to determine facts. The members need to be patient in order to discover good results. Patience plays a substantial role in determining the success of any activity. Patience must be advocated every time since it carries the secret to success (Taylor 24). In our day-to-day lives, we encounter a lot. Sometimes we are faced with situations that are hard to manage, but we still make the right choices. When a person encounters something that is not clear to them, how they react to it matters a lot. When they analyze the situation, they can find ways of solving the problem (Taylor 4). The same scenario is faced by people who are handling a project. Construction project relates deeply to these virtues. When members are conducting research and trying to come up with meaningful ideas, they are faced with a lot of challenges that might makethem lose their patience. Members have to search deep into books to find hidden information that will assist then in perfecting their projects. Patience and focus, in this case, will give them perseverance. Business Development Business Developm

The Three David Statues Art Essay

The Three David Statues Art Essay The paper explores the three Davids statues which are situated in different locations in Italy. The three statues of David are artworks of four different artists who are Bernini, Michelangelo, and Donatello. The paper also has the brief history of each of the four artists. In addition, the paper also compares and contrasts different artworks from different artists with accordance to how artwork meant to each artist, the tools that were used, and how artwork was accomplished. Introduction The three statues of David were modeled as representations of a biblical hero the king David of Israel who in his young age killed a hero warrior goliath armed with only a stone and a swirl. The three statues are different from each other in that they were of different periods and used different materials to develop the statue. However, the statues are also different from each other in dressing codes and body posture. All the three statues were developed in Italy and thats where they are found and serve as tourist attraction sites. Brief History of the Artist, Donatello Donatello is also known as Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi. He was born in 1386 in Florence, Italy. He is famous for his sculptural works in Italy and especially the Davids scripture in Florence, Italy. He is also said to have made brass pulpits for Old Sacristy of San Lorenzo which is believed to have been built by Brunelleschi. Also, he is referred to be one of the earliest artists of renaissance period who worked through the perspective of ideology. He used sculptural method to bring dramatic images and shapes to life. However, he died aged one hundred years in 1489. He is well remembered for his artwork which is seen and studied (Post,p.65). Brief History of the Artist, Michelangelo Michelangelo was born on 6th march, 1475 in Caprese village in Italy. He is one of the famous artists of renaissance period, which is believed to be a period of the evolvement of artwork in Italy. However, when he attained the age of twelve, he became an apprentice painter to a professional painter of Florentine, Domenico Ghirlandaio who orientated him to painting. Later on he began to study sculptural work in which he well flourished. He is famous for his work in the modeling of a marble statue which represents Virgin Mary grieving over dead Jesus body. He also worked on the Davids statue between 1501and 1504 which stands at the height of 4.34m/14 ft 3. The statue is placed outside Palazzo Vecchio. It is currently viewed as a symbol of new republic which replaced Medici rule. However, Michelangelo died at the age of eighty nine in 1564. He left behind significant statues which serve as his memoirs (Wittkower,p.32). Brief History of the Italian Artist, Bernini He was born in 1598 in Rome, Italy. He was a dominant figure of renaissance period in which he had specialized in sculptural and architectural work. However, his father orientated him in the sculptural work from which he gained experience and got a work in Rome. He is famous for his work in the statues of David, Apollo, and Daphne. More also, he is believe to have designed the monument of the ornate baldachin and marble decorations found in St. Peters square. He died in 1680 at the age of eighty two. Statue of David by Michelangelo Interestingly, statue of David which wads modeled by Michelangelo is the most famous statue in the whole world and perhaps an important tourist attraction site in Italy. Michelangelo was commissioned to start the work on the statue in the year 1501 by Arte della Lana whose responsibility was to decorate the cathedral in Florence. A marble block was presented top him as a construction material which had earlier been prepared by Agostino di Duccio for the same purpose (Frederick,p.8). However, Michelangelo did not apply the traditional method of presenting David as a hero. Rather he presented him as a youthful individual tensed with the sense of getting magical power in order to proceed for the battle. His representation is based on the moment when David heard that Israelites were afraid of Goliath that they hesitated mocking him. His statue is taken to be the most perfect heroic representation of David as compared with the other two statues of David by Bernini and Donatello. In addition, the statues right-hand side is smooth and well composed while the left-hand side is openly seen to be active and dynamic. He developed muscles and tendons only at the points where they can be interpreted to be perfect representation of strong will but not where they represent individuals form of self-governing. However, the artist used construction tools such as point, tooth, flat and craw chisels, and also scrapers and rasps for finishing. On the completion of the statue, committee of high ranked citizens and artists agreed that it was good for the statue to be placed in front of Palazzo Vecchio, which is the town hall of Florence (Frederick,p.8). Statue of David by Donatello Donatello used his skills to prove himself a prominent artist of Renaissance period. He is believed to be one of the greatest artists of Florentine in the period who invented shallow relief technique in artwork. This technique helped in making his sculptures to be seen as deeply developed though at times developed at a shallow plane. He was influenced by ancient scriptures made by Greeks and theories of humanist. This made him to develop statues which were mainly the representations of human body as functioning organism in which personality radiates a confident individual (Balcarres,p.43). His sculpture of David is the most famous representation of the artwork of fifteenth century. He represented David as a boastful hero as compared to Michelangelo who represented him as a humble hero. However, he did not represent him admiring the head of his victim, Goliath rather he is admiring his graceful, powerful body as a result of him winning the battle. This is one amongst many sculptures of the Renaissance art whereby admiration of self-worth was mainly the theme. He was first commissioned to start the work in 1408 by Operai of the cathedral of Florence. The main aim of the Operai was to decorate buttress of the cathedrals tribune with statues of the twelve prophets. He used bronze marble as the construction material and tools such as flat, tooth, pointed chisels were used. However, the finished statue depicted David with a smile posed with his left foot on the goliaths head. More also, the youthful David is completely naked apart from laurel hat and boots. The finished was the first unsupported standing statue in the period. Additionally, the statue was faced by controversial moral debates which barred it from being put in the town hall of Florence (Radke,p.32). Statue of David by Bernini Bernini represented David as a life-size marble in his scripture. He was commissioned to decorate villa of his patron cardinal Scipione Borghese in 1623 and completed his work within seven months. However, his work was the subject of David throwing a stone to the giant, Goliath. The finished statue represented Bernini as a genius artist since he did not let his statue match with others which preceded his which represented David standing, self contained, and insulated (Avery,p.43). His objective was tom come up with a dramatic and real biblical figure which he did. The viewer of the statue feels to be a part of Davids move. He made a space in front of the statue which is seen to be part of the Davids part. In addition, the immense tension of Davids twisted body conveys the strength which he used to release the stone. He used marble as the construction material and chisels as main tools. Bernini spent the shortest to develop the statue which proves him to have been an energetic youth since he did the work while at the age of twenty four (Gardner,p.65). Comparison and Contrast of Three Sculptures All the three scriptures were modeled in different periods by different artists who used techniques and styles different from each other. However, the three scriptures are similar in one way or the other. First, the threes statues were based on biblical scripture on the moment when David was in a battle against the giant Goliath thus the objective of each artist was to represent David as a youthful hero considering that he was young at the moment. In addition each artist used marble and chisel as the construction material and tools as well (John,p.32). However, each artist developed a statue which was different from each other as well. The first statue developed by Donatello represented David as a boastful hero who admired the physical power he had. Also, the statue was naked which brought moral controversy which made it not to be put in front of town hall. The second statue by Michelangelo was perfect and represented David as a humble hero and was placed in front of the town hall where it serves as one of the major tourist attraction sites in Italy. The last statue by Bernini represented David as an energetic youth twisting his body hard to gain the required force of releasing the stone against the giant, Goliath (Hibbard,p.32).

Compare the way Andrew Marvell and William King present relationships :: English Literature

Compare the way Andrew Marvell and William King present relationships between men and women in To His Coy Mistress and The Beggar Women. If we look at the 2 poems we can see some quite significant similarities between them about the relationships between men and women. We see in both poems the desire for sex from the two men, but both attempt to acquire it through different methods due to the difference in class between the women. First we must look at the difference in forms of the two poems. To His Coy Mistress is a dramatic monologue and so we can therefore see the narrator's attitude towards the lady he is trying to seduce. The Beggar Women is a ballad (so it is telling a story) this means that you can find a moral to the story; however, you are unable to see the attitude of the 'gentlemen' towards the women as easily. I both poems we see that neither of the men have much respect for the women. In The Beggar Women we see that the 'gentlemen' views the women very low which is perhaps given the historical context of the poem. In the poem he refers to her as "game", comparing her to the animals he was hunting, almost saying that she isn't considered important enough to be human. It then says, "her cheeks were fresh, and linen clean" which may suggest that the situation is not what it seems. In To His Coy Mistress we also see the narrator has little respect for the lady; however in this poem it seems quite unnecessary because she is a respectable lady. He mocks her for being a virgin - her "quaint honour" but in those times being virginal was the only way for a women to maintain a good reputation. In The Beggar Women the initial rhyming scheme is "rhyming couplets". The pattern deteriorates as the beggar woman begins to take control over the situation without the man realising. In To His Coy Mistress, if we look at the rhythm of the first 4 lines, it is in iambic quatrametre. This is a very powerful rhythm and may reflect just how hard the narrator is trying to seduce the women. In both poems there is also the obvious similarity of the men's one desire of sex and nothing else and how much they will do to achieve this. To His Coy Mistress shows the narrator taking a kind and adoring approach to getting the lady into bed with him in the first part of the poem (up to line 20). In this part he uses time as a positive

How Much Ado About Nothing uses the comic genre to allow Shakespeare to expose and criticise Human Flaws

When Benedict states that ‘happy are they that hear their distractions and can put them to mending’, he is stating that characters are able to recognise flaws within their own character and, more importantly, are able to fix them. One conventional aspect of Elizabethan society, that is very much evident within ‘Much Ado’ About Nothing’, is social inequality. â€Å"In Shakespeare’s play, women are portrayed as being powerless in their own lives and in everything around them. † In Elizabethan society, men were dominant over women and made all the important decisions. In ‘Much Ado’ About Nothing’, the men frequently make bad decisions, and is a recurring theme throughout the play. Although Shakespeare was a product of his time, and accepted social norms and values, he demonstrated an understanding of women’s subjection by men in his work. The comic genre allows Shakespeare to push the boundaries when challenging social conventions. For example, Shakespeare is able to portray Beatrice as a feisty, sharp, intelligent woman. The audience are naturally, more open-minded because they realise that the play is a comedy and they're suppose to find it funny. As a consequence, this gives Shakespeare more freedom to create comedy within the play. In Shakespeare’s Much Ado’ About Nothing, Claudio is flawed character, although not appearing so initially: he is shown as a distinguished soldier under the command of Don Pedro, Prince of Arragon. In the first act, Claudio is introduced to the audience via a discussion between Leonato and a messenger in the presence of Leonato’s daughter, Hero, and his niece Beatrice, whereby the audience hear of Claudio’s heroism and admirability during the war and that Don Pedro regards him highly and has, â€Å"bestowed much honor† upon him. The messenger also suggests that Claudio has done tremendously well, as â€Å"He hath borne himself beyond the promise of his age†, suggesting Claudio is a mature character. The absence of Claudio from this scene means that the audience judge him based on what they have heard about him, as a consequence their first impression of Claudio is very positive. However, throughout the play the audience are introduced to his flaws of immaturity, haste and pride which all contradict with their first impression of him. Although the audience’s introduction to Claudio suggests maturity, this is proven to be false throughout the play. In a discussion between Claudio and Benedick, Claudio recognises that falling in love too quickly is a mark of immaturity, concerned that â€Å"liking might too sudden seem†. However, after one silent get-together of characters, Claudio finds himself in love with Hero and immediately talks longing that, â€Å"Hero would be my wife†. Therefore, Claudio seems to do the exact opposite to the statement in the question and adopts a distraction that he has already heard, acting in a contradictory manner and emphasises his immaturity. As well as this, Claudio is gullible, and allows he to be deceived by Don John into believing that Don Pedro has wooed Hero for himself, â€Å"my brother is amorous on Hero, and hath withdrawn her father to break with him about it. † Through Shakespeare’s use of dramatic irony, the audience feel frustrated with Claudio, as he instantly believes this false allegation without question, â€Å"Tis certain so, the prince woos for himself†. Furthermore, Claudio lacks the courage to confront Don Pedro about the allegation, hence choosing to blindly believe Don John over Don Pedro and Benedick, without seeking the truth, â€Å"Ho now you strike like the blind man. The audience feel frustrated because they know that Don Pedro is innocent, however they can't pass this information onto Claudio and are forced to watch the consequences unfold. Additionally, the audience feel frustrated with Claudio because it doesn’t seem likely that Don Pedro would betray Claudio due to the fact they have fought alongside each other at war and share a good relationship. However, the audience can sympathise with Claudio because his encounter with Don John at the masked ball was a setup in order to trick him. Due to the theme of the ball, whereby everyone had to wear masks and conceal their identity, Claudio thought that by pretending to be Benedick, he could deceive Don John and Borachio. By way of contrast, the opposite happens as Claudio believes that Don John thinks he is speaking with Benedick, â€Å"Are not you Signor Benedick†, â€Å"You know me well, I am he†. As a consequence, Don John finds it much easier to deceive Claudio. When Don Pedro asks Claudio, â€Å"wherefore are you sad†, Claudio intentionally replies with very brief, indirect responses that forces Don Pedro to investigate into the matter further. I believe by doing this, Claudio fulfils his need for attention, which in itself is a sign of immaturity. For example, Claudio replies with â€Å"Not sad, my lord†, stopping to allow Don Pedro to continue asking questions. As expected, Don Pedro replies, â€Å"How then? Sick? † In which Claudio replies â€Å"Neither, my lord†, again, allowing room for Don Pedro to investigate. However, Beatrice who allows the conversation to carry on, interrupts this process, â€Å"The count is neither sad, nor sick, nor merry, nor well: but civil†. After Claudio realises that Don John has deceived him at the masked ball, the audience expect Claudio to put his flaw ‘to mending’. However, Claudio fails to do this and allows himself to be deceived by Don John once again. The night before the wedding, Don John deceives both Don Pedro and Claudio into believing that Hero â€Å"is disloyal† and has slept with another man. Don Pedro questions the allegation at first â€Å"I will not think it† whereas Claudio is quick to believe it to an extent â€Å"May this be so? The fact Don Pedro is able to question the allegation shines a negative light upon Claudio who should not question Hero’s dishonesty. The audience feel frustrated with Claudio through Shakespeare’s use of dramatic irony, allowing the audience to know the truth that Hero is innocent, especially when Claudio rushes to plan his revenge, whereby he will â€Å"wed, there will I shame her. † Women in Elizabethan times were objectif ied and became possessions of their husbands. They would not have attended school and their â€Å"education would have been purely of domestic nature† in preparation for marriage. As men were seen as the superior figure that provided for him and his family, their pride and dignity meant the world to them. Therefore, to be a cuckold (a man married to an unfaithful wife) associated much shame and brought down the male’s social standing. Baring this in mind, a contemporary audience would be more sympathetic with Claudio’s rash decision as they would share a better understanding of Claudio’s fear of shame. On the other hand, a modern audience would not be as sympathetic because social norms and values, especially gender inequality, has changed. However, the audience cannot entirely blame Claudio because he believes that he actually witnessed the supposed affair. On the other hand, the audience blame him for not confronting Hero, just like he failed to confront Don Pedro after the masked ball. Evidently, Claudio has not recognised his flaw of being deceptable to lies and failing to confront them, therefore failing to fix it. Through dramatic irony, the audience know that Hero is completely innocent. In addition to this, they also know that Claudio intends to publically humiliate her at the wedding. The audience sympathise with Hero, especially when they see how excited she is before the wedding, â€Å"God give me joy to wear it! for my heart is exceeding heavy. † On the day of the wedding ceremony, Leonato shows that he shares the tendency to rush into conclusions like Claudio. When Claudio publicly shames Hero, â€Å"Not to be married, not to knit my soul to an approved wanton†. Leonato at first defends Hero’s honor, â€Å"Dear my lord, if you in your own proof†¦ made defeat of her virginity. It’s only when Don Pedro supports the claim made by Claudio that his daughter has slept with another man that Leonato suddenly believes the claims made and turns against his own daughter. Leonato even goes as far as saying that he regrets having a daughter, and â€Å"Death is the fairest cover for her shame†. Leonato understands that no other man will marry Hero because they will become a cuckold, bringing shame to himself; therefore Hero has nobod y to support her, as she is unable to support herself due to the conventional norms of the Elizabethan period. The audience are shocked by Leonato’s reaction because through dramatic irony, they know Hero is innocent. However, the audience also know that by comparing the ending of a comedy to a tragedy, that no serious consequences will be inflicted upon her. It is not until Friar Francis is introduced that Leonato seems like a failed father, because Friar Francis doubts Hero’s disloyalty and so offers a chance of redemption, with a practical plan to prove her honesty. Leonato is unable to believe his own daughter over the Prince and Claudio whereas a stranger can, emphasising his failure as a father. It is also arguable that Leonato’s pride clouded his judgement when choosing to believe his daughter’s innocence and is the reason why he was quick to believe the allegation when Don Pedro supported it, suggesting that â€Å"maturity is the trait most lacking in all of the play’s characters†; their susceptibility to pride and deception, and their â€Å"inability to think before drawing their conclusions†, are more about immaturity than any other quality. However, towards the end of the play Leonato loses interest in pride, replacing it with the determination to be a better father. Leonato confronts Don Pedro and Claudio with resentment, whilst trying to remain courteous, over publicly shaming his daughter whilst she was innocent. In confrontation, Leonato addresses Claudio as immature, stating that â€Å"If thou kill’st me, boy, thou shalt kill a man. † Leonato reminds Claudio that â€Å"thou hast kill'd my child†, and expresses that if he kills Leonato, he will at least kill a man and not an innocent child. Similarly, Leonato isn’t the only character in the play to call Claudio a ‘boy’, for example Antonio calls Claudio a ‘boy’ a few times when he demands Claudio to â€Å"come, follow me, boy; come, sir boy, come, follow me†. As well as this, Benedick later on says to Claudio, â€Å"Fare you well, boy†¦ I will leave you now to your gossip-like humour. † This evidence suggests that many other characters, as well as the audience see Claudio as an immature character. Although Leonato must talk with respect to the Prince, he speaks with sarcasm, â€Å"Are you so hasty now? well, all is one†. Therefore, it’s evident that Leonato has learned his lesson that his pride and loyalty to the Prince can turn him against his own family and that he shouldn’t let anyone influence his own judgment. Additionally, the view of ‘susceptibility to pride and deception’ is strengthened from the point of view of a modern audie nce, because to criticise the characters on the grounds of being susceptible to pride is contradictory to the social norms of the Elizabethan period. For example, an Elizabethan man’s good name was of considerable worth to him and any action that tarnished it, would affect his social standing. However, Shakespeare highlights that ‘susceptibility to pride and deception’ and ‘the inability to think before drawing conclusions’ are major flaws found within the play and within Shakespearean society. It is through the comic genre that Shakespeare is able to portray his message that all of us, to some extent, have our own character-flaw(s) and it’s those who can fix them that benefit – like Leonato. Furthermore, as the audience watch ‘Much Ado’ About Nothing’ and laugh at the character-flaws found within it, it makes them realise that their own character flaws can just as easily, be made fun of, as â€Å"Comedy is intimidating and encourages complacency in those who laugh†. Many people have a fear of being laughed at because it makes them feel inferior. This is known as superiority theory, whereby people laugh at something or someone to make themselves seem superior. Due to this fear of being laughed at, people are more encouraged to fix the things that are comical, such as their human flaws.

IT Procurement How Automation of Invitation Tender Can Support and Assist Companies

IS/IT Procurement How Automation of Invitation Tender Can Support and Assist Companies Introduction The internet has globalized this world to an extent that it looks like a virtual communal centre. People can send and receive electronic messages through e-mails. They can also make calls from literary anywhere in this globe and receive instant feedback. This has taken a new twist in the business world as prospective employees find jobs online.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on IS/IT Procurement: How Automation of Invitation Tender Can Support and Assist Companies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Outsourcing has boomed with new technologies emerging in the information systems and technology markets. This has encouraged emerging markets and e-commerce that is trying to catch up with the latest technologies. Another product that has steadily grown over the years is automation of invitation to tender. Tenders can now be awarded overseas and to international companies with a click on the button. This paper wil l explore the effects of automation of invitation to tender on the development of companies. Invitation to tender Invitation to tender, also known as call for bids or request for tender refers to the process of generating several rival offers from various bidders who are hoping to muscle each other to the award of business doings such as supply, works or services. These tenders usually come after a prequalification questionnaire is filled. The tenders can be either open or restricted. The latter is usually meant for specific suppliers or military contracts, which are of special interest to the country’s security, among others. In the manual case, tender boxes are always located at specific areas of the organisation or in the post offices specifically meant for tender documents. Virtually all public sectors are obliged to provide tenders for their works and services. These are always posted on the local media, posters and their websites, among others. With the globalization, e lectronic procurement has taken shape and is fast increasing as different local and multinational companies try to outsource services offshore to speed up the process. Automated Invitation to tender IS/IT procurement has increasingly risen in the modern world, with different companies using modern software to speed up the process of procurement as well as make use of the globalized world which has brought everything close.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Procurement as a process is extensive and tasking, invitation to tender can take several months to arrive at a winner, and it is time consuming especially, when post office and/or manual delivery of tender is involved. In a world where virtual telecommunication and video conferencing, thanks to information and systems technology, has eased the other factors of production, it is only wise to make use of such technologies to fasten t he extensive process of procurement. Automation of invitation to tender has been practiced for several years now and its increased use is credited to its advantages. E-procurement has several advantages as suggested above; it saves time, reaches out to a wide range of competitive bidders, economical, convenient, reliable and efficient. In addition, it has the potential to generate the best of the best for the service required. Its flexibility and cost effectiveness makes it easier for an organisation to subscribe to tender alerts to be kept updated of any need for their services. Since several companies around the globe seek to achieve competitiveness and economies of scale, automation of tender services are on the increase. The slowest to move in to automation is the industrial and manufacturing world, but this trend has changed as more and more of these companies seek improvements on their services and production. Tenders from manufacturing and industrial centres have increased wi th such bids afloat globally. Information system and information technology has therefore become an integral part of the modern world. It helps in service delivery and production. Underlying concepts and background All public sectors are obliged to provide tenders; e-procurement has made it much easier and fast. The need to keep pace with technological world and the urge to be competitive has soared necessitating the call for automation tenders. Digital technology has enabled automation of tenders to achieve their core business objectives. Several organisations have initiated private services to help market automation tenders through their websites and other sources.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on IS/IT Procurement: How Automation of Invitation Tender Can Support and Assist Companies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has brought into place the huge pool of bidders and organisations in need of their services tog ether through online procurement systems. An example is ESA international, which is an organisation that deals with EMITS (electronic mailing of invitation to tenders) ITT. Such companies have created awareness of these services worldwide thereby increasing their capacities and efficiencies. Furthermore, such linking agencies act as a communication network between industries as well as companies, thereby simplifying the procurement process. In applying PESTLE analysis on Automation of invitation to tenders, it is quite handy to note that the overall result is encouraging its growth throughout the globe. Considering the factors in question such as, the environmental, economical, political, legal, sociological and technological, it is important to note that these factors have had positive effects on the development of automation of invitation to tender. For instance, there is virtually no political obstacle to the development of tender automation industry; the legal factors are relate d to the security of information against hackers and privacy, for example in that case of military contracts. However, even this can be accommodated, as there are various ways of ensuring information security such as encryptions. Social factors are more likely to encourage e-commerce, and no or less pollution to the environment since the use of posters are minimized. Both economic and technological factors are set to gain from reduced spending and more research to improve technology. In essence, the automation of ‘invitation to tender’ is the important, and will continue spur the modern world. The current situation of Automation of Invitation Tender in the world The current trends show increase in automation industries all over the world. Europe and the United states have developed their automation to an exceptional level with specific agencies assigned the responsibility of ensuring the process is handled in a professional manner. An example is the ESA agency in Europe , which offers exceptional standards of service to bidders and companies seeking their services. These procurement agencies have put in place complex framework aimed at providing professional services. They also offer post-awarding services, which include follow-ups, sourcing, ordering, fulfilment, billing and payment on behalf of the purchasing authority.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Modern automated tendering is efficient and backed with complex software that is aimed at preventing hackers and private information from unintended users. Information and System technology has played an important role in ensuring safe running of such tenders. Several industrial and allied companies such as producers and manufactures are moving into automated information systems. Web portals are on the increase with industrial worlds like china, India, United States, Britain, Germany and France, among others making notable advances into paperless tender. Evaluations of tender bids have also taken a new shape with most companies doing automated evaluation, thereby reducing on evaluation costs. The world is hence becoming smaller and smaller with the development of new technological advances that improve automation of industries. India presents an example of an industrial hub, in which implementation of automated tender would be of great significance to their productivity, no wonder m ost of Indian industrial sectors have embarked on a plan to achieve full automation. The whole world from Africa, to America, Europe to Asia and Australia are all pressing their buttons in invitation to tender. This system is especially taking a new twist in the developing world, with most countries either acquiring or stepping up their already acquired automation information systems. Summary Automation of invitation tenders makes it as one of the most important technological achievements of the past decade. Having started in the developed world, it has been embraced in virtually every country in the world. Among these are India and China who are implementing it for heir industrial sectors at a fast rate. Automation of tender is very important in bring together the various companies seeking what they need. Developments of electronic procurement agencies have been essential in organisational development. Their knowledge in procurement procedures as well as evaluation and follow-ups h as reduced the cost and complexity of the once so extensive task. The PESTLE analysis conducted on automated invitation to tender gives an indication of a viable product in the market, which would help improve production and service delivery. Every company aims to achieve competitive edge over others and this service provides an ideal way of not only attaining this but also reducing on tender costs. Conclusions Automation of invitation to tender is one of the most important landmarks of technology. It provides for process automation by systematic invitation to the purchasing authority, and act as a communication channel between industries. It also provides automatic evaluation for invitations thereby saving on cost and time, which are important inputs into productivity. Recommendations IS/IT procurement is essential to all kinds of businesses and should be encouraged all over the globe as a way of generating competitive bidders. Automated invitation to tender is convenient in the mo dern world and should be provide in every institution that target competitiveness and economies of scale.

Initiation Essay Essays - Everyday Use, Free Essays, Term Papers

Initiation Essay Essays - Everyday Use, Free Essays, Term Papers Initiation Essay Initiation Essay An initiation story may be said to show its young protagonist experiencing a significant change of knowledge about the world or himself and this change must point or lead him toward an adult world. In this essay I will be characterizing and evaluating each of the major protagonist in the following short stories. The first is Sammy of the famous short story A&P. The second protagonist is Mama from the sad Everyday Use. Finally Jackie the crazy kid from First Confession is my last protagonist. Sammy is a 19-year-old teenager who is from a small town near the ocean. He works at a grocery store as a cashier and three young ladies walk in wearing bathing suits and nothing else but their pride. He could not remember his name to save his life, let alone check ones groceries correctly. His emotions are on high and he is checking out the ladies left and right just like a teenager would and he stares not caring how it makes the women feel. He passes judgment on how the look and act during the whole time they are shopping; yet he has never met them. Keep in mind all of this is going on in his head for no one else can hear. Then he spots the store manager out of the corner of his eye and he turns sour because he knows he will do his best to kick the ladies out and ruin his fun. The store manager makes a big ordeal out of the situation and embarrasses them in front of the whole store. That very instant he knows the manager was wrong and does the righteous thing and quits. Sammy tells off his boss and walks out hopping maybe the women are still waiting on him. Mama is about forty or fifty and a mother of two Dee and Maggie. Mama is in real life I am a large, big-boned women with rough, man-working hands. She loves Dee when she was a child the most and was considered her favorite. She loves Maggie too but Dee was the smart one so with some help from the church they raised some money to send her to college. Maggie stayed with mama and learned her way of life. Dee came home with a boy friend and tells mama that her name is no longer Dee. Mama takes this as an insult and gets up set thinks she is trying to forget her heritage. Dee, as if that isnt enough she starts to ask for antiques not because of the memories but because they were in style. Mama at this point was very angry but she handles the situation very well by not getting violent. She grabs Maggie kisses her and realizes how special she is. Jackies grandfather died and his grandmother has to live with them now. She is a big old country women drinks like a fish and walks in bare feet, he hates her. He has a sister that torments him all day long; I dont blame him for getting violent with a butter knife. He thinks the whole world is out to get him. Ryan an old lady they pass on the street prepares him for his first confession. The only thing she ever talks about is hell, people burning furniture with their hands and putting one finger over a flame for five minutes. He goes to his confession not with his mom but with his evil sister. When he gets into the confessional both he does not know where to look so he starts to climb until someone answers. The father answer and is upset because he climbing around. Jackie adjusts and falls into the aisle and gets embarrassed. He ends up confessing all and finds out that this guy is the most interesting person he has meet and the experience wasnt as painful as everyone made it out to be. In conclusion, each one of the protagonists had some from of transformation in their life. For Sammy it was the manager embarrassing the women, mama it was Dees desirer to forget her past and Jackies was his first confession. Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls

Module review questions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Module review questions - Coursework Example Contrastingly, the file processing approach displaces user information into a set of different files. Consequently, this makes retrieval of information very hard and time consuming. For example, a banking system stores customer account data into a well-defined database management system with an integrated application for data retrieval. Conversely, the file processing approach separates customer data into different files and has no specific application for data retrieval. Hence, it becomes hard to locate a particular file using the file processing approach (Panneerselvam, 2003). -The database management approach also allows users to edit and change file details while the file processing approach does not. For example, a database management system provides a predefined set of commands for editing data. However, on application such as spreadsheet one is unable to make data editing using file processing approach (Panneerselvam, 2003). -The database management approach is also advantageous in the configuration of access privileges. That is, it has better data security compared to the file processing approach. For example, in this approach top managers and database administrator can have access to almost all resources while junior employees and other workers have only specific data access. Contrastingly, in the file processing approach, all the users have the same level of data access or control (Panneerselvam, 2003). It is vital to acknowledge that wireless information appliances and services will have great effect on business use of internet and web. This is particularly by virtualization of business operations to promote doing business anywhere and at any preferred time. Business people along with their customers, will own a significant number of wireless devices such as tablets, smartphones, wireless pocket PCs among others. Consequently, this will allow all time access to the

Why is there Large Employee Turnover Rate at Wal-Mart Research Paper

Why is there Large Employee Turnover Rate at Wal-Mart - Research Paper Example Although the figures for employee turnover for Wal-Mart are not readily available there is a lot of information to indicate at the least that employees are not happy and that the turnover intent is high. In fact, the company has been faced with a number of law suits relating to sex discrimination and working overtime without pay. Wal-Mart is currently one of the most influential and respected company which is synonymous with that commanded by the manufacturing giants of the twentieth century Lichtenstein (2009). The company is in position number 15 on Forbes List as a Global 2000 Leading Company and as one of the World’s Biggest Public Company (Forbes 2013). This is based on sales, profit, assets and market value. In terms of sales Wal-Mart is in the number 1 position, 16th in profit, 135th in assets and 7th in terms of market value. On Forbes (2012) list of ‘The World’s Most Powerful Brands, Wal-Mart is in the 25th position and this makes it the world’s to p retailing company. ... The international segment is seen as the engine of growth for the company as Wal-Mart continues to expand internationally. The aim of this research is to determine the reason for the high employee turnover rate at Wal-Mart. The objectives of this study are to determine: i. Whether compensation at Wal-Mart may be a factor in relation to the high rates of turnover ii. Whether employees are satisfied with the level of communication with their supervisors iii. Whether employees are happy with their job functions Employee turnover is the movement of workers in the labor market between organizations and between different roles or occupation (Abassi et al 2000). Literature Review According to Linhartova (2011) Employee turnover is one of the problems relating to the management of human resources that never go away. Linhartova (2011) carried out two studies on the causes of employees disaffection and turnover. The study used 29 determinates to describe seven of the main factors that led to e mployee turnover – remuneration, certainty, relationships, recognition, communication, culture, and expectations. The factors were in a similar manner to studies done by other researcher (See John et al 2008; Gosling et al 2003; Benet-Martinez and John 1998). The results of the study indicate that all seven factors were strongly linked to job satisfaction. Firth L, David J Mellor, Kathleen A Moore, Claude Loquet (2007). How can managers reduce employee intention to quit?, J. manage. Psychol. 19 (2): 170-187. †¦ Strategies to minimize turnover Jain (2013) suggests that employee branding which is a relatively new concept n human resource management. This Jain (2013) indicates will allow the organization to choose and retain

Relations between the USA and North Korea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Relations between the USA and North Korea - Essay Example Relations between the USA and North Korea It is reminiscent of the famous â€Å"ping-pong† diplomacy between the two countries of America and China, in the time of former Pres. Richard Nixon and of Mao Tse-tung of China, which utilized sports as a way to warm up their relations before formal diplomatic relations were established. Besides, the new third-generation leader of North Korea, Kim Jung-un of the Kim dynasty, is a very big or avid fan of basketball, and in particular, that of the Chicago Bulls team franchise of which Rodman was once a member of the triumvirate, together with Michael Jordan and Scottie Pippen, who won their first three of a total six NBA championships together. News of this sort is certainly big news and makes for good copy that can help increase readership or circulation, as it is quite odd for a sports star to become an informal ambassador of goodwill although it is not unheard of. Famous sports stars in tennis or golf had also served as ambassadors in the past, but Rodman in a country like N orth Korea, which is sometimes called as the Hermit Kingdom due to its international isolation, strict censorship, harsh laws, and brutal, secretive, and one-man rule dictatorship, provides an excellent and rare diplomatic opening for a rapprochement, the tantalizing possibility of re-establishing cordial relations again, as these two countries have a strained relationship from a recently announced nuclear test. (Zinser, 2013, p. 1). The author's main point is that sports is one good way to promote world peace, if all the diplomatic overtures fail at one time or another. Basketball is a global sport although it has not yet attained the same worldwide popularity as soccer or football, but one thing to say about this sport of basketball is it is something distinctly American. Although majority of North Koreans are taught or brainwashed since birth to hate anything remotely American, it does not seem to apply to American basketball. So, using basketball as an opening to exploit a weakn ess in North Korea's supreme leader is like using back channels in diplomacy, to reduce tensions. The intended audience are the basketball fans worldwide, and Rodman fits the job of an ambassador of goodwill because of his weird antics on and off the court; his presence in the team has attracted an unusual degree of attention from international media as well. Moreover, another audience is probably the American citizenry, who will be given a rare glimpse inside the Hermit Kingdom once filming of the documentary is finished at the end of their trip. Diplomats all over the world will be fascinated how this seemingly minor trip will turn out in the end, how a politics of sports and a politics of diplomacy are mixed for good results (Levermore & Budd, 2004, p. 6). The main point of the author is that diplomacy can take many forms, even the bizarre or the weird, as long as it achieves the aims of foreign policy. In this particular instance, basketball serves as the vehicle by which the tw o countries attained some form of contact, although it is in a way done indirectly. Hopefully, this initial contacts will lead to further warming of their relations and help avert a possible war due to North Korea's belligerence and hard-line stance. As they say quite often, diplomacy is the art of ambiguity, saying a lot of

Diseases and Conditions of the Endocrine System Essay Example for Free

Diseases and Conditions of the Endocrine System Essay Assignment: For each scenario that follows, explain how and why you would schedule an appointment or suggest a referral based on the patient’s reported symptoms. Be sure to first review the â€Å"Guidelines for Patient-Screening Exercises† found on page iii in the Introduction section of your Workbook. 1. A male patient calls for an appointment. He reports experiencing the sudden onset of excessive thirst and urination. He says that he is thirsty all the time and cannot seem to get enough to drink. How do you respond to this phone call? 2. A female patient calls the office and says she thinks she has swelling in her neck and is beginning to experience difficulty swallowing. How do you respond to this phone call? 3. An individual calls the office stating he is experiencing periods of rapid heartbeat and palpitations, insomnia, nervousness, and excitability. He states that despite excessive appetite and food ingestion, he is losing weight. How do you respond to this call? 4. A woman calls the office stating that her husband, who has been diagnosed with diabetes, is experiencing excessive thirst, nausea, drowsiness, and abdominal pain. She just noticed a fruity odor on his breath. She wants to know what to do. How do you respond to this call? 5. A patient calls the office saying she has started experiencing weight loss, excessive thirst, excessive hunger, and frequent urination. She also tells you her mother and aunt have diabetes. She says she just does not feel right. How do you respond to this call?

Resume :: essays research papers

OBJECTIVE:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Motivated, a proven performer in retail sales management and operations for multiple industries. Record-setting sales leader skilled in coaching best practices and maximizing profits. Fast-track career progression and history of repeated rewards. Committed to providing an atmosphere of exceptional employee morale and impeccable customer service. Dedicated to achieving sales targets while providing excellent customer service. EXPERIENCE:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10/1999 - Present Footlocker Inc. Dearborn, MI   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Assistant Manager Manage day-to-day activities of sales floor with 1.9 million inventory and drive sales forward. Taking on responsibilities such as manager duties, open and closing procedures, dealing with prospective customers, sales, and handling merchandise. Also capable of scheduling for entire staff, meeting daily and monthly gains and goals, training other employees, hiring, supervising, dealing with an high quantity of inventory daily and also taking care of excessive paperwork daily. Selected contributions:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  *Store was ranked the #1 high volume store in entire league *Had contribulate in making the store a 1.9 million-dollar store for the entire year of 2004   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5/2003 - 9/2003 Kraft General Foods Battle Creek, MI Factory Worker Had the experience to work in a factory doing jobs such as cleaning and running machinery. (Summer help only) 5/2000 - 5/2003 Allstate Insurance Battle Creek, MI Secretary Dealing with Insurance and having responsilibilites such as taking payments, getting claims and quotes for insurance, answering phones, typing, filing, and greeting customers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   EDUCATION:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  9/2001 - Present Wayne State University Detroit, MI   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pharmacy Major/Business Admin. Minor Focus on getting my Bachelor’s Degree in pharmacy. Later, go to graduate school and receive my Ph. D. Degree in pharmacy also. Also, working on getting my Associate’s Degree in Business Administration. 9/1997 - 6/2001 Battle Creek Central High School Battle Creek, MI A diploma received with general studies KEY SKILLS:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Merchandising, Service/Sales Incentive Programs, Strategic Planning, Record-Setting Retail Sales Growth, Fiscal Management, Loss Prevention Initiatives, Motivational Training, Supervision, Cost Control Strategies, and Customer service skills.

Advanced Language Arts Essay

Although teachers might disagree, having students eating in class will help students and teachers stay on task and not worry about lunch time. Staff should let us students eat during class because students will be more focused, awake, and excited to learn and participate in class. If student were able to eat during class then they would be able to concentrate on the objective they are learning instead of thinking about â€Å"what’s for lunch?† One of the many reasons students should be able to eat in class is due to that us students don’t have enough time to wake up earlier and cook our self a nice meal. We barely have enough time to get ready for school in the mornings. It is even harder, trying to eat breakfast, if a student has to walk to school every day. All of the years that I’ve been attending school there have not been a year when teachers don’t emphasize how important eating breakfast is. We have heard multiple of times â€Å"the most important mean of the day is breakfast.† Another reason why students should be able to eat in class is because teachers are allowed to eat in front of us but we are not allowed to eat in class. We should have to follow the same rules. There has been a time where I go to school with any empty stomach and I always see a teacher eating a granola bar. Seeing them eat doesn’t let me concentrate and it gets me more hungry and at that time I just hold my stomach tight and hope my stomach doesn’t growl. My final reason why teachers should let students eat in class is because kids will have energy to participate in class. Shouldn’t all teachers desire to see all their students’ hands up eager to answer questions? If teachers would just give it a chance and let students eat in lass they would be participating in school activities and fund raisers. In conclusion, eating during class will help students concentrate and have energy.

Mandatory Second Language Essay

As I was getting ready to go out, â€Å"Made in China† tag of my shirt caught my attention. â€Å"My shirt traveled many miles to reach in my hands,† I said to myself. Then I looked at my shoes; they were made in Bangladesh. I called my computer tech; I was transferred in India. For a moment, I thought I was a citizen of a globalized society where borders did not exist. As a matter of fact, U.S companies invest more than $3.5 trillion a year to do business in other countries while foreign companies invest more than $2.3 trillion a year to do business in the United States (Williams, 2013, Intro to Management, 154). Our task is to set those numbers higher, which might not be an easy job if you don’t speak other countries language as they speak English. In order for a new generation to face globalization challenges, second language should be mandatory for all U.S students. As we grow global more foreign business in coming to U.S soil, and more U.S companies are reac hing international market. I also hear people complaining of high levels of unemployment. The company I work for is aiming to open another 500 hotels in Asia region. Bilinguals are in demand. Most of the qualified trainers must speak another language besides English. Preferably, Chinese or Indian. There is a demand for workers, but skill needed to do the job is missing. The company I work for has signed 21 new deals in China during 2010, compared with 18 all during 2009. â€Å"And development keeps growing,† says Harris Chan, Starwood’s vice president of operations support for China and Taiwan. Not only that, but according to the standards and policies of the company, every hotel should have a Chinese speaker in the team. Now I have a dilemma; should I spend 18 months going for my Master’s or should I use that time learning Chinese? Both options are valid for my working career. As I am working for a hotel industry, training is part of the job. The company sent me in Europe for a job training. A week in Barcelona! I struggled so hard to  sharpen my Spanish, before getting to Spain. The city was beautiful and impressive, but it would be better travel experience for me if would be able to tell the waiter how I wanted my eggs cooked, or how to ask for the bus station. What made me feel comfortable was the team I was working with. Everyone spoke another language besides their native ones. They all spoke English. I felt not confident using my broken English accent Spanish. I admit it was uncomfortable than everyone else spoke another language (maybe two) and I was the only one feeling comfortable only in English language. In fact, Spanish, Chinese, or any other language is not a bad idea in the country of melting pot. According to a study of an educational institution on 2010, below are the top ten foreign languages spoken in high schools of New York: America is the land of immigrants. Along with their traditions, immigrants bring their languages also. That is part of the American culture also. It is our job to maintain it. Not everyone that comes in the U.S soil speaks English. Does that mean, we have to shut the communication with the new immigrants just because of the language barriers? We all agree that, building walls is not an option. From the census of 2013, the governmental authorities stated that â€Å"As the nation continues to be a destination for people from other lands, this pattern of language diversity will also likely continue.† I believe that, separating from social events just because of the language barrier it is unhealthy for the overall society. Isolation makes people unsocial and less active in their communities, which leads them on building walls instead of bridges. Social health depends on proper communication. Our future generations need to fit in the multicultural and global environment. Our communities grow healthier and stronger is we are capable of speaking each other’s language. In a conclusion, I would say that a second language is a need for our generations. The latest global business events are requesting it, by developing new multilingual markets. A good portion of the US trade is done with non-English spoken countries. Our future business achievements will depend on how well we will be able to communicate. Second, the American youth is facing an intellectual competition with foreign  counterparts on language skills. While the average European teenager speaks two languages, most of the teenagers in the homeland speak only English. It looks like we are falling behind. Third, diversity plays a role in national and global business growth. Therefore, diverse language environment is common. Being able to speak more than English, it is not just a skill but a requirement in the new era of business globalization. Reference Lavrusik, V. (2010, April 4). Top 10 languages spoken by students at Manhattan International. http://archives.jrn.columbia.edu/coveringed/schoolstories10/2010/04/top-10-languages-spoken-by-students-at-manhattan-international/index.html Ryan, C. (2013, August 1). Language Use in the United States: 2011. http://www.census.gov/prod/2013pubs/acs-22.pdf Williams, C. (2013). MGMT3 (5th ed). Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning Yu, R. (2010, October 26). Foreign hotels flock to China. https://web-b-ebscohost-com.libdatab.strayer.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=8&sid=684e6cc8-a980-4638bf02a989aee7%40sessionmgr110&hid=116&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=a9h&AN=J0E369281117410

Multiverse - Definition and Explanation

Multiverse - Definition and Explanation The multiverse is a theoretical framework in modern cosmology (and high energy physics) which presents the idea that there exist a vast array of potential universes which are actually manifest in some way. There are a number of different types of potential universes - the many worlds interpretation (MWI) of quantum physics, braneworlds predicted by string theory, and other more extravagant models - and so the parameters of exactly what constitutes the multiverse is different depending on whom you speak to. Its unclear how this theory can actually be applied scientifically, so its still controversial among many physicists. One application of the multiverse in modern discourse is a means of invoking the anthropic principle to explain the finely tuned parameters of our own universe without recourse to the need of an intelligent designer. As the argument goes, since we are here we know that the region of the multiverse in which we exist must, by definition, be one of the regions that have the parameters to allow us to exist. These finely tuned properties, therefore, require no more explanation than explaining why humans are born on land instead of under the ocean surface. Also Known As: multiple universe hypothesismegaversemeta-universeparallel worldsparallel universes Is the Multiverse real?   Theres solid physics supporting the idea the universe we know and love could be one of many. Partly this is because theres more than one way to make a multiverse. Take a look at five types of multiverses and how they could actually exist: Bubble Universes - Bubble universes are fairly easy to comprehend. In this theory, there could have been other Big Bang events, so far away from us that we cant conceive of the distances involved yet. If we consider our universe to consists of the galaxies created by a Big Bang, expanding outward, then eventually this universe might encounter another universe created much the same way. Or, maybe the distances involved are so vast these multiverses would never interact. Either way, it doesnt take a huge leap of imagination to see how bubble universes might exist.Multiverse from Repeating Universes - The repeating universe theory of multiverses is based on infinite space-time. If its infinite, then eventually the arrangement of particles will repeat themselves. In this theory, if you travel far enough, you would encounter another Earth and eventually another you.Braneworlds or Parallel Universes - According to this multiverse theory, the universe we perceive isnt all there is. There ar e additional dimensions beyond the three spatial dimensions we perceive, plus time. Other three-dimensional branes may co-exist in higher-dimension space, thus acting as parallel universes. Daughter Universes - Quantum mechanics describes the universe in terms of probabilities. In the quantum world, all possible outcomes of a choice or situation not only can occur but do occur. At every branch point, a new universe is created.Mathematical Universes - Mathematics is considered a tool used to describe the parameters of the universe. However, its possible there could be a different mathematical structure. If so, such a structure could describe a completely different sort of universe. Edited by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.